The Risk of Contracting Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children With Celiac Disease, Epilepsy, Juvenile Arthritis and Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Study
Abstract
Background and aims
The association of celiac disease with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is unclear. This study assesses the risk of IBD in children diagnosed with celiac disease and three other chronic diseases, namely epilepsy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and type 1 diabetes using nationwide, comprehensive registers.
Methods
We identified Finnish children born between 1994 and 2008 and diagnosed with IBD (n=596) by October 2010 (aged up to 16 years) in a national register of medical reimbursements, which all these patients are entitled to. The presence of other chronic diseases, such as celiac disease, epilepsy, JIA and type 1 diabetes, diagnosed before the diagnosis of IBD was accordingly identified in patients and their population-based, individually matched controls (n=2380). The data on chronic diseases are based on certificates including the diagnostic criteria. The risk of contracting IBD in children with a diagnosis of a chronic disease was analyzed using conditional logistic regression analysis.
Results
Chronic diseases were more common in children contracting IBD than in their matched controls (frequency of chronic diseases 5.9% and 1.0%, respectively, p<0.001). Celiac disease associated with later development of ulcerative colitis (p<0.01) but the association with Crohn's disease was less clear (p<0.05). For the other chronic diseases, association was seen only between epilepsy and ulcerative colitis (p<0.01).
Conclusion
Pediatric patients with celiac disease or epilepsy have an increased risk of developing IBD during their childhood but the risk is not high. This finding warrants a thorough investigation of intestinal symptoms in these children.
Authors
Lauri Virta, Kaija-Leena Kolho
Additional Information
- Peer-Reviewed: yes.
- Open Access: yes.
- Cite as: Virta, L. J., & Kolho, K. L. (2013). The risk of contracting pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in children with celiac disease, epilepsy, juvenile arthritis and type 1 diabetes--a nationwide study. Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 7(1), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crohns.2012.02.021